what are the types of bacteria?
Answers
there are five types of bacteria
1.Coccus,
2.Bacillus,
3.Spirillum
4.Rickettsia
5.Mycoplasma.
hope it helps you
Classification of Bacteria
Before the invention of the DNA sequencing technique, bacteria were mainly classified based on their shapes - also known as morphology, biochemistry and staining - i.e. either Gram positive or Gram negative staining. Nowadays, along with the morphology, DNA sequencing is also used in order to classify bacteria. DNA sequencing helps in understanding the relationship between two types of bacteria i.e. if they are related to each other despite their different shapes. Along with the shape and DNA sequence, other things such as their metabolic activities, conditions required for their growth, biochemical reactions (i.e., biochemistry as mentioned above), antigenic properties etc. are also helpful in classifying the bacteria.
1-> BASED ON SHAPES :
*Comma-shaped bacteria - e.g. Vibrio Cholera
*Spherical-shaped bacteria (Cocci) - e.g. Staphylococcus and Streptococcus
*Rod-shaped bacteria (Bacilli) - e.g. E.Coli and Salmonella
*Spiral-shaped bacteria (Spirilla) - e.g. Treponema and Borellia
*Flagellated bacteria - e.g. Tetanus Bacteria
2-> BASED ON CELL WALL :
Gram-positive bacteria - The thick layer of Peptidoglycans is stained purple by the crystal violet dye, which is why gram-positive bacteria appear purple or blue.
Gram-negative bacteria - The thin layer of Peptidoglycans cannot retain the crystal violet dye, and thus appear red or pink due to the retention of the counter-stain.
3-> Based on Presence of Flagella :
*Flagellae absent - Atrichous Bacteria
*Flagellae present - These are furthur classified based on how many flagellae they possess and their location on the body.
*Monotrichous Bacteria - One flagella
*Amphitrichous Bacteria - One flagella on either side of the body
*Polytrichous Bacteria - Multiple flagellae at different locations
*Lopotrichous Bacteria - Flagellae only at one location on the body
*Peritrichous Bacteria - Flagellae all over the body
4-> BASED ON REQUIREMENT OF OXYGEN :
Aerobic bacteria - Bacteria that need oxygen for their survival.
Anaerobic bacteria - Bacteria that do not require oxygen for survival.
5-> BASED ON NUTRITION :
*Photoautotrophic Bacteria: They synthesize their own food from organic matter, light energy and carbon-dioxide.
*Chemoautotrophic Bacteria: They synthesize their food with the help of energy obtained from chemical sources.
*Heterotrophic Bacteria: They obtain their food from other living organisms, as they cannot synthesize it on their own.
*Symbiotic Bacteria: They obtain nutrition from host organism by offering something in return. Establish a mutual give-and-take relationship with host.
*Pathogenic Bacteria: They obtain food from host but are harmful to the host, generally causing diseases.
*Saprophytic Bacteria: They obtain nutrition from dead and decaying matter. Environmentally useful.
6-> Formation of Spores :
Endospore Forming Bacteria
Non Endospore Forming Bacteria
7-> BASED ON ENVIRONMENT :
*Halophiles - Those which can survive in highly saline conditions.
*Thermophiles - Those which can resist high temperature.
*Acidophiles - Those which can tolerate low pH conditions.
*Neutrophiles - Those which require moderate conditions to survive.
*Mesophiles - Those which require moderate conditions to survive.
*Extremophiles - Those which can survive in extreme conditions.
*Alkaliphiles - Those which can tolerate high pH conditions.
*Psychrophilic bacteria - Those which can survive extremely cold conditions.
*Osmophiles - Those which can survive in high sugar osmotic conditions.
You're welcome
TOOK ME ABOUT 15 MINUTES TO TELL YOU ABOUT EVERY SINGLE CLASSIFICATION OF BACTERIA WHICH I KNOW
MARK THIS ANSWER THE BRAINLIEST