Question

What are the varieties of iron? Explain them.​

Answer 1

Varieties Of Iron :-

There are three varieties of iron. They are as follows :-

✯ Pig iron and Cast iron :-

The iron which is produced in blast furnace is pig iron. It contains a comparatively high percentage of carbon due to which it is hard and brittle. It also contains phosphorus ।silicon and manganese as impurities. Pig iron is melted , mixed with steel scrap and allowed to cool in moulds to give cast iron. Cast iron is impure, and is hard and brittle.

✯ Wrought Iron :-

It is almost a pure form of iron. It contains only 0.12% to 0.25% carbon. It melts at a higher temperature ( 1773 K) than that at which cast iron melts. Wrought irons is obtained by melting cast iron on a hearth lined with Ferric oxide $( Fe_2O_3)$. The impurities such as carbon, phosphorus, silicon and manganese are oxidised by $( Fe_2O_3)$

$• \: \: \sf \orange{ {Fe_2O_3} + 3C \longrightarrow \: 2Fe + 3CO}$

Wrought iron is soft, grey and tough. It is malleable and ductile. Hence, it can be drawn into sheets and stretched into wires. It is used un making chains, wires, anchors and cores of electromagnets.

✯ Steel :-

It is an alloy of iron and carbon. It contains about 0.15 % to 1.7 % of carbon. There are different types of steels. They are :-

• Mild steel
• Hard steel
• Alloy steels

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Answer 2

The different varieties of iron-ore are-Magnetite, hematite, Limonite and Siderite. Magnetite is the finest iron-ore with a very high content of iron up to 70%. It has excellent magnetic qualities. ... Limonite has 40-60% iron content.

Varieties of IronVarieties of Iron :Pig iron and cast iron : The iron produced in the blast furnace is pig iron. ...Wrought iron : It is almost a pure form of iron. ...Steel : It is an alloy of iron and carbon. ...(a) Mild steel : It contains less than 0.3% carbon.

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