Question

What are the various challenges faced by political parties 0?

Answer 1

Various challenges faced by political parties are
(a) The parties are lacking internal democracy, which keeps many prospective leaders deprived of their rights.
(b) There have been dynastic successions in many political parties. This often deprives the parties of appropriate leadership.
(c) The parties something, indulge in the use of money and muscle power for winning elections. This hampers development and is against the spirit of democracy.
(d) There are not many ideological differences between the various parties. So, there is a lack of meaningful choice before the voters.

Answer 2

$\red\bigstar$❝Answer❞

Parliamentary democracy has been working in India for morc than 60 years. Yet Indian party system has not assumed any definite shape, It is facing mainy challenges a problems. Some of these are as under:

1. Organisation Problem: Political Parties in India are not properly organized With the exception of B.J.P. and Communist Parties, no other party is cadre-based. All other parties just start enrolling members at the time of organisational election which leads to bogus membership also. In the absence of proper organisation, political parties are not strong and stable.

2. Dynamic Succession: There are some parties which are generally controlled by one family. After father, his son would be head of the party.

3. Absence of Internal Democracy: There is complete absence of internal democracy within hands of Party High command and other important leaders of the party. The Chief Minister are rarely selected by thc menmbers of state legislative assemblies,. In actual practice members abide by the decision of the high command.

4. Crisis of Leadership: There is crisis of leadership in most of the political partio there is no second line of leaders. In Congress, Nehru Gandhi family, Mulayam Singh Yadav in Samajwadi Party, Laloo Parshad Yadav in R.J.D., Devi Congre Lal n O.P. Chautala in lndian National Lok Dal, Mamta Banerjee in Trinmool Congress

Smt. Jayalalitha in A.I.A.D.M.K., Mayawati in R.S.P., Sharad Yadav in National Democratic Congress and A.B. Vajpayee and L.K. Advani are the main leaders in B.J.P.

5, Challenges of Casteism and Communalism: Political parties have to make all sorts of alliances with caste and communal groups to win the elections. In fact they are mainly responsible for the spread of casteism and communalism in the country. In spite of their best efforts, parties are not able to get out of these compulsions.

6. Role of Black Money and Muscle Power: In India political parties do not get any financial aid from the state and their election expenses are increasing day by day. As a result there is financial crisis especially in the oppositions parties. As a result, the role of black money and muscle power in elections is increasing.

7. No meaningful choice before the voters: Another challenge is that vary often political parties do not seem to offer a meaningful choice to the voters. In recent years there has been a decline in the ideological differences among parties in most of the countries of the world. For example, in U.S.A. the difference between the policies and programmes of the Democratic Party and Republican Party is very little. Almost same is the position in India between the Congress and the B.J.P.- the two largest political parties in India. As a result those people who want really different policies have no choice available to them. Sometimes people cannot elect very different leaders either, because the same set of leaders keep shifting from one party to the other.

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$\blue\bigstar$❝More Information ❞

•Political party:

A political party is an organised group of persons who have common views on the social and economic problems and their solutions. They try to capture power i.e., government by constitutional means i.e., through elections.

•Ruling Party:

Ruling party is the party that forms the government and runs the administration.

•Opposition:

The political party or a group of parties that are a part of the legislature, but not a part of the government.

•Election Commission:

It is an independent multi-member body (at present 3 members) which is constituted for the superintendence, direction and conduct of elections in the country.

•Multi Party System:

A political system when a country has more than two political parties who contest election to come to power.

•Regional Political Party:

The party which originates in a particular state or a region and works for it and its people is called Regional Political Party.