What are the various constituents of air? write their uses.
Answers
Answer:
The various air constituents are- Nitrogen, Oxygen, Carbon Dioxide and argon.
Explanation:
Oxygen
The largest user of oxygen is the steelindustry. It is also used in the manufacture of other metals, notably copper and lead. It is more economic to use pure oxygen, or oxygen-enriched air, rather than air as this increases the reaction rates and means that smaller chemical plants can be used. Further it makes it easier to ensure that no gases such as sulfur dioxide are lost and pollute the atmosphere.
The gas is also used in the manufacture of many chemicals including nitric acid, hydrogen peroxide, epoxyethane and chloroethene (vinyl chloride), the precursor to PVC.
Among its other uses is the burning off of carbon deposited on the fluid catalystused in the catalytic cracking of gas oil
A growing use for oxygen is in treating sewage and effluent from industry. Polluted rivers and lakes can be cleaned by dissolving oxygen gas directly into the water to encourage a better ecological balance. It is used, for example, in fish farming to provide this balance.
It is also used, with sodium hydroxide, to bleach paper pulp as an alternative to chlorine dioxide or sodium chlorate(I) (sodium hypochlorite).
Nitrogen
Nitrogen is used to make ammonia. It is also widely used to provide an inert atmosphere, a process known as 'blanketing', principally to exclude oxygen. For example, nitrogen is used in this way in food packaging, glass making, and semiconductor manufacture. It is also used to purge out pipes prior to welding (for example, oil pipes) to ensure that no flammable vapours are left behind.
Liquid nitrogen is being increasingly used to refrigerate food during transportation. Medical samples containing, for example blood, viruses for vaccinations and semen, can be stored for long periods if kept cool in liquid nitrogen.
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Air is composed of various gases such as :-
nitrogen , oxygen , carbon dioxide , oxygen , water vapour and many other gases present in minute amount.
⭕ Nitrogen (78%) :-
it is a inert gas , it is used to create ammonia (NH3) , which in turn used to make fertilizers and other explosives.
⭕ Oxygen (21%) :-
it is used by animals and plants in breathing process for survival. used in medicines to treat people with breathing problems. They are also used as life support for astronauts and scuba drivers.
⭕ Argon (1%) :-
it is used for metal industry , used to make non - reactive blanket and used as a protective Elements for growing silicon and germanium crystals.
# Carbon - dioxide (0.03%) :-
it is used by plants to prepare their food through photosybthesis. Thus , atmospheric carbon dioxide provides us food through plants. , carbon dioxide dissolves an ocean water to form sedimentary carbonate rocks such as marble. , carbon dioxide gas can absorbs infrared radiation.
# water vapour :-
water avpour is also the most important greenhouse gas in the atmosphere. Heat radiated from Earth's surface is absorbed by water vapor molecules in the lower atmosphere. The water vapour nilecueks in turn , radiate heat in all directions.