What are the various forms of government prevailing in the world ??
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Absolute monarchy, in which the monarch is the head of state and head of government. There are no elections and he may have a council/parliament-like body, but their function is purely advisory and they can’t make laws. Examples: Brunei, Saudi Arabia.
Constitutional monarchy, in which the monarch is head of state, but the head of government is elected and there is a Parliament that actually does stuff. Examples: Cambodia (well, technically speaking anyway), UK, Denmark, Japan.
Commonwealth realm, in which the head of government is Queen Elizabeth II, but she appoints governors-general to oversee the nation. Examples: Australia, Canada, Papua New Guinea etc.
Elective monarchy, in which the monarch is not hereditary. The head of government may also be the monarch (absolute) or the country may have an elected parliament (constitutional). Examples: Vatican City (absolute), Malaysia (constitutional. Well, critics say the Prime Minister is acting very unconstitutionally, but Malaysia’s technically a constitutional monarchy).
Presidential republic, in which an elected (well, usually elected) president is the head of state and the head of government. The President may be elected independently of parliament, or he may have to depend on parliament’s support to stay on as President. Examples: Indonesia, US (independent of Congress), South Africa (dependent on parliament).
Semi-presidential republic, in which the President is head of state and the Prime Minister is head of government, and each of them have responsibilities to fulfil. Examples: France, East Timor.
Parliamentary republic, in which the President is mainly ceremonial and the Prime Minister does the actual work. You usually see this in former British colonies. The President may be elected by parliament or directly, by the people. Examples: India, Singapore (both former colonies), Germany (not a former colony).
Military junta, in which the armed forces usually seize power in a coup and install a high-ranking military leader as the head of government. Said leader may however, still go on to style himself ‘President’ or ‘Prime Minister’ Examples: Egypt (although President al-Sisi did technically win the presidency in a controversial election later on), Myanmar before 2011.
Communist state, in which the Communist Party is the sole or leading party in parliament. They may have elections, but it seems that the people vote for either Communist A or Communist B to represent them. Examples: China, Vietnam.
North Korea
Theocracy, in which the head of state at least is the head of the religion. There may or may not be elections, but the rules and laws are based on holy scriptures. Examples: Vatican City.
Islamic republic, in which Islam takes a leading role in governing the country. There are usually elections and different parties in the country. Examples: Afghanistan, Pakistan.
Constitutional monarchy, in which the monarch is head of state, but the head of government is elected and there is a Parliament that actually does stuff. Examples: Cambodia (well, technically speaking anyway), UK, Denmark, Japan.
Commonwealth realm, in which the head of government is Queen Elizabeth II, but she appoints governors-general to oversee the nation. Examples: Australia, Canada, Papua New Guinea etc.
Elective monarchy, in which the monarch is not hereditary. The head of government may also be the monarch (absolute) or the country may have an elected parliament (constitutional). Examples: Vatican City (absolute), Malaysia (constitutional. Well, critics say the Prime Minister is acting very unconstitutionally, but Malaysia’s technically a constitutional monarchy).
Presidential republic, in which an elected (well, usually elected) president is the head of state and the head of government. The President may be elected independently of parliament, or he may have to depend on parliament’s support to stay on as President. Examples: Indonesia, US (independent of Congress), South Africa (dependent on parliament).
Semi-presidential republic, in which the President is head of state and the Prime Minister is head of government, and each of them have responsibilities to fulfil. Examples: France, East Timor.
Parliamentary republic, in which the President is mainly ceremonial and the Prime Minister does the actual work. You usually see this in former British colonies. The President may be elected by parliament or directly, by the people. Examples: India, Singapore (both former colonies), Germany (not a former colony).
Military junta, in which the armed forces usually seize power in a coup and install a high-ranking military leader as the head of government. Said leader may however, still go on to style himself ‘President’ or ‘Prime Minister’ Examples: Egypt (although President al-Sisi did technically win the presidency in a controversial election later on), Myanmar before 2011.
Communist state, in which the Communist Party is the sole or leading party in parliament. They may have elections, but it seems that the people vote for either Communist A or Communist B to represent them. Examples: China, Vietnam.
North Korea
Theocracy, in which the head of state at least is the head of the religion. There may or may not be elections, but the rules and laws are based on holy scriptures. Examples: Vatican City.
Islamic republic, in which Islam takes a leading role in governing the country. There are usually elections and different parties in the country. Examples: Afghanistan, Pakistan.
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