What are three dimensional model of covalent compounds
Answers
Answer:
Covalent bonds can be single, double, and triple bonds.
Single bonds occur when two electrons are shared and are composed of one sigma bond between the two atoms.
Double bonds occur when four electrons are shared between the two atoms and consist of one sigma bond and one pi bond.
Answer:
Types of Chemical Bonds
Introduction to Bonding
Chemical bonding describes a variety of interactions that hold atoms together in chemical compounds.
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
List the types of chemical bonds and their general properties
KEY TAKEAWAYS
Key Points
Chemical bonds are forces that hold atoms together to make compounds or molecules.
Chemical bonds include covalent, polar covalent, and ionic bonds.
Atoms with relatively similar electronegativities share electrons between them and are connected by covalent bonds.
Atoms with large differences in electronegativity transfer electrons to form ions. The ions then are attracted to each other. This attraction is known as an ionic bond.
Key Terms
bond: A link or force between neighboring atoms in a molecule or compound.
ionic bond: An attraction between two ions used to create an ionic compound. This attraction usually forms between a metal and a non-metal.
covalent bond: An interaction between two atoms, which involves the sharing of one or more electrons to help each atom satisfy the octet rule. This interaction typically forms between two non-metals.
intramolecular: Refers to interactions within a molecule.
intermolecular forces: Refers to interactions between two or more molecules.
Covalent Bonds
Chemical bonds are the forces of attraction that tie atoms together. Bonds are formed when valence electrons, the electrons in the outermost electronic “shell” of an atom, interact. The nature of the interaction between the atoms depends on their relative electronegativity. Atoms with equal or similar electronegativity form covalent bonds, in which the valence electron density is shared between the two atoms. The electron density resides between the atoms and is attracted to both nuclei. This type of bond forms most frequently between two non- metals.
When there is a greater electronegativity difference than between covalently bonded atoms, the pair of atoms usually forms a polar covalent bond. The electrons are still shared between the atoms, but the electrons are not equally attracted to both elements. As a result, the electrons tend to be found near one particular atom most of the time. Again, polar covalent bonds tend to occur between non-metals.
Ionic Bonds
Finally, for atoms with the largest electronegativity differences (such as metals bonding with nonmetals), the bonding interaction is called ionic, and the valence electrons are typically represented as being transferred from the metal atom to the nonmetal. Once the electrons have been transferred to the non-metal, both the metal and the non-metal are considered to be ions. The two oppositely charged ions attract each other to form an ionic compound.