what are transport phenomenon on the basis of kinetic theory deduce on expression for the coefficient of riscosity of a gas how does riscosity deppend on temperature and pressure
Answers
Explanation:
Fluid flow through pipes is of immense importance to chemical engineers, who must design appropriate methods for transporting chemicals to and from reaction vessels. Viscosity of fluids is the key physical property that dictates the design of pipelines to transport material. Thus, an understanding of liquid and gas viscosity is essential for engineering a chemical process.
The viscosity of gases played an important role in the historical development of the kinetic theory of gases (see Keith J. Laidler, The World of Physical Chemistry, Oxford University Press, 1993, p. 150-154). James Clerk Maxwell, who is famous for the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution of molecular velocities and Maxwell's Equations of electromagnetic radiation, proposed in 1860 that gases possess a distribution of velocities. Although now fully accepted, this proposal went against the conventional theory of the time that a range of velocities would be equalized by molecular collisions. He was troubled with his own proposal, however, because it had "the curious result" that viscosity is independent of pressure which was "certainly very unexpected." Maxwell and his wife made the first reliable measurements of gas viscosities in order to determine the dependence of gas viscosity on temperature and pressure. These measurements were made using an apparatus in attic of their house, and the temperature was controlled through appropriate stoking of the fireplace. The results were reported in 1866, reconciling his kinetic theory of gases with observed gas viscosities.