Question

What are uses of washing soda, hydrogen, plaster of paris , baking soda, bleaching powder?

Answer 1

Washing soda

Washing soda is a whitish, odorless powder. Its chemical formula is Na2CO3 and is better known as sodium carbonate. It is hygroscopic in nature that is, it absorbs moisture from the air. It is highly soluble in water and forms strongly alkaline water solution.



Preparation of washing soda

Washing soda is synthesized through Solvay’s process. Solvay’s process involves the reaction of sodium chloride, ammonia and carbon dioxide in water. Carbon dioxide involved is produced through calcium carbonate and the calcium oxide left is used in recovering ammonia from ammonium chloride. At first, sodium bicarbonate is obtained which is then converted to sodium carbonate on heating. Finally, washing soda is produced by recrystallization of sodium carbonate.

NaCl + NH3 + CO2 + H2O → NaHCO3 + NH4Cl

2 NaHCO3 → Na2CO3 + H2O + CO2

Na2CO3 + 10H2O → Na2CO3.10H2O

Uses of washing soda:

Washing soda is used for removing burnt-on grease from kitchen utensils.

It is prominently used in soap, glass and paper industries.

It also helps in the removal of permanent hardness of water.

It acts as a raw material in the manufacturing of various sodium compounds, for example, borax.

Baking Soda

Baking soda is a white crystalline compound with a slightly salty taste. Its chemical formula is NaHCO3 and is generally known as sodium bicarbonate.



Preparation of baking soda

Baking soda is synthesized through Solvay’s process. Solvay’s process involves the reaction of sodium chloride, ammonia and carbon dioxide in water. The carbon dioxide involved is produced through calcium carbonate and the calcium oxide left is used in recovering ammonia from ammonium chloride. Finally, sodium bicarbonate is produced as one of the end products.

NaCl + H2O + CO2 + NH3  → NH4Cl + NaHCO3

Uses of baking soda

It is used in making soft and fluffy bread and cakes due to the production of carbon dioxide when it is heated or mixed in water.

NaHCO3 + H+   → CO2 + H2O + sodium salt of acid

It is used for making soda-acid fire extinguisher.

It is used as an ingredient in the manufacturing of antacids.

Plaster of Paris

Plaster of Paris is a chemical compound consisting of fine white powder, which hardens when exposed to moisture and allowed to dry. Its chemical formula is CaSO4.1/2H2O and is better known as calcium sulfate hemihydrate.



Preparation of plaster of Paris

Plaster of Paris is synthesized from gypsum (CaSO4.2H2O). When gypsum is heated at 373 K, it loses its water molecules to become calcium sulphate (plaster of Paris).

CaSO4.2H2O → CaSO4.1/2H2O + 3/2H2O

Uses of plaster of Paris

Plaster of Paris is used by doctors for supporting fractured bones in right position.

It is used for making toys and decorative materials.

It is also used for increasing smoothness of surfaces.

Answer 2

1. washing soda ----- cleaning agent for domestic purpose.
in glass , soap and paper industries.

2. plaster of Paris ------ for making toys , material of decoration.
for making surfaces smooth.

3. bleaching powder ------ bleaching wood pulp in paper factories.
oxidizing agent in chemical industries.

4. baking soda ------- an ingredients in antacids.
used in soda acids, fire extinguisher.


hope it's helpful !!!!!!!