Question

What are vitamins? Classify and explain the vitamins and its deficiency diseases​

Answer 1

Vitamins -: Vitamins are substances that have very important uses in the body. They are used in growth, metabolism and nerve function.

Classification of Vitamins

Vitamins are generally classified as water-soluble vitamins and fat-soluble vitamins.

1. Fat-Soluble Vitamins

Vitamin A, D, E and K are fat-soluble. These are stored in adipose tissues and hence are called fat-soluble vitamins.

2. Water-Soluble Vitamins

Vitamins in B-group and vitamin C are water-soluble and cannot be stored in our bodies as they pass with the water in urine. These vitamins must be supplied to our bodies with regular diets.

Vitamins deficiency disease-:

1-Vitamin-A: Vitamin A deficiency can result from inadequate intake, fat malabsorption, or liver disorders. Deficiency impairs immunity and hematopoiesis and causes rashes and typical ocular effects (eg, xerophthalmia, night blindness).

2-Vitamin B1 – Deficiency may cause beriberi, dwarfism.

3-Vitamin B2 – Deficiency can cause disorders in the digestive system, skin burning sensations, cheilosis.

4-Vitamin B6 – Deficiency of B6 causes convulsions, conjunctivitis, and sometimes neurological disorders.

5-Vitamin B12 – Its deficiency can cause pernicious anemia and a decrease in red blood cells in hemoglobin.

6-Vitamin C – It is a water-soluble vitamin, its deficiency causes bleeding in gums and scurvy.

7-Vitamin D – It is obtained by our body when exposed to sunlight. Its deficiency causes improper growth of bones, soft bones in kids, rickets.

8-Vitamin E – Deficiency of vitamin E leads to weakness in muscles and increases the fragility of red blood cells.

9-Vitamin K – It plays an important role in blood clotting. The deficiency of vitamin K increases the time taken by the blood to clot. Severe deficiency may cause death due to excessive blood loss in case of a cut or an injury.

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