Question

What are way the steering a ship depend on the tides

Answer 1

In so many ways! First, all depths on a chart are written as above low tide and, for the Admiralty Charts, the lowest astronomical low tides. Hence if there is water under the keel, the tidal height shouldn’t be a problem.

But the tide can also create a tidal current. In 1976, I passed in front of St Catherine Head, on the Isle of Wight, three times … without changing heading!