What are western disturbances? Write its five important characteristics.
Answers
Answer:
western disturbance is an extratropical storm originating in the Mediterranean region that brings sudden winter rain to the northwestern parts of the Indian subcontinent. It is a non-monsoonal precipitation pattern driven by the Western disturbances.
Importance-:
Three strong western disturbances (WDs) that occurred over north India in 2008 and 2009 are simulated with two different types of land-use data using a Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model. The two different land-use land covers (LULCs) used are Advanced Wide Field Sensor (AWiFS) data and United States Geological Survey (USGS) data. The distribution pattern of rainfall produced by the WRF is compared with a corresponding Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) pattern. Rainfall at specific locations is compared with India Meteorological Department (IMD) station data at different locations over north India. Root mean square errors (RMSEs) in rainfall from model simulations using two sets of land-use data are compared with the TRMM and it is found that the simulations with AWiFS data show lower RMSEs. The wind, mean sea-level pressure and relative humidity simulated by the model are compared with the patterns from National Center for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) Final Analysis (FNL) data. From the study, it is observed that precipitation is affected by land-cover changes. The precipitation and circulation patterns are better simulated using AWiFS land-use data compared with USGS data.
. Accumulated rainfall for 24 h reported at India Meteorological Department (IMD) stations with model outputs using United States Geological Survey (USGS) and Advanced Wide Field Sensor (AWiFS) data.
. Accumulated rainfall for 24 h reported at India Meteorological Department (IMD) stations with model outputs using United States Geological Survey (USGS) and Advanced Wide Field Sensor (AWiFS) data.
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. Correlation co-efficients between rainfall measured at India Meteorological Department (IMD) stations with model simulations using United States Geological Survey (USGS) and Advanced Wide Field Sensor (AWiFS) land-use data.
. Correlation co-efficients between rainfall measured at India Meteorological Department (IMD) stations with model simulations using United States Geological Survey (USGS) and Advanced Wide Field Sensor (AWiFS) land-use data.
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