Question

what are what are the ryotwari system defects​

Answer 1

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• The British conquered territories in the South wanted to change the practice of Permanent Settlement and to increase revenue.

• A different system of revenue collection known as the Ryotwari Settlement was devised by Capt Alexander Read.

• It was Thanos Munro who subsequently developed this system when he was the Governor (1820-27) of Madras and gradually extended it all over South India.

• Under this system, there was no middleman to collect the revenue which was directly collected from the ryots (cultivators).

• There were no traditional zamindars prevailed in the southern regions.

• Before the revenue assessment, a

thorough survey of each village was made.

• The fields of each farmer were carefully and separately assessed and then the revenue was fixed.

• It is also known as the Munro system.

• In the ryotwari settlement the revenue was fixed for specified period, usually thirty years, and about half the net value of the crop is fixed as the government share.

• The revenue fixed was too high for the ryots to pay and unable to meet the revenue demand forced the ryots to leave their villages.

• The revenue settlements introduced by the British did not yield the desired results leading the British to turn to other ways of amassing wealth.

Answer 2

RYOTWARI SYSTEM:

• Ryotwari System was introduced by Thomas Munro in India.

• However, this system was proposed by

Alexander Read.

• But some records say that this system was followed by Sher Shah Suri and Akbar.

• Ryotwari system was a revenue system for the British.

• According to the Ryotwari system, the cultivators should pay taxes to the British.

• There were no middlemen for collecting the revenue.

• This method was one of the steps to remove the Zamindari System.

Defects of the Ryotwari System:

• Firstly, the revenue was collected by cultivators. But the problem is that most of the cultivators are not owners of the land.

• The revenue was collected from poor peasants.

• Secondly, the taxes were very high which the peasants could not afford.

• Thirdly, the taxes were not changed for every period. They were fixed.

• Sometimes this would trouble the peasants during crop failure.

• The punishment for this system was very brutal.