Question

What causes sparking in the switches when the lights are either switched on or switched off ?​

Answer 1

Answer:

The inductance in a form of a choke in the body of the light fitting causes the voltage to rise across the switch contacts as it tries to counteract the falling current due to the switch being turned off. This can allow the arc to extend over a greater distance.......

Answer 2

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On the closing and breaking of the circuit, a large induced emf is produced, which opposes the original current in the circuit, and hence there is sparking.