What changes were brought by the saints of the Sufi and Bhakti Movements to
the medieval society?
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The two movements brought a new form of religious expression amongst Muslims and Hindus. The Sufis were mystics who called for liberalism in Islam. They emphasised on an egalitarian society based on universal love. The Bhakti saints transformed Hinduism by introducing devotion or bhakti as the means to attain God
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- The medieval period in India saw significant changes in the field of religion and marked the emergence of new religious ideas and beliefs. Two religious movements, namely, the Bhakti movement and the Sufi movement gained prominence during this period.
- The Bhakti saints preached the doctrines of devotion to God and equality of all men before him without any social differences based on caste. They discarded all types of ritualism, rejected the idea of renunciation, and preferred to live with their families. They insisted that bhakti lay in sharing others’ pain and one should serve those who are in need.
- The Sufi movement was a mystical movement that started against Islam's increasing materialism. The Sufis were Muslim mystic saints who emphasized personal love and devotion to God by rejecting outward religiosity, the elaborated rituals, and codes of behavior demanded by Muslim religious scholars. They emphasized being compassionate towards all human beings. They also interacted with the Bhakti saints and adopted many ideas and practices of each other.
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