Question

what concession does Kyoto Protocol give to developing countries ?why?

Answer 1

While the provisions of the United Nation Framework Convention on Climate Change concern all greenhouse gases that are not covered by the Montreal Protocol to the United Nations Convention on Protection of the Ozone Layer from 1987, the Kyoto Protocol focuses on the six gases given in Annex A of the Protocol, i.e. CO2, CH4, N2O, HFC, PFC and SF6:

The objective of the Kyoto Protocol is to reduce global greenhouse gas emissions by at least 5% in comparison to the base year of 1990, during the commitment period from 2008 to 2012. To reach this goal, the of the Protocol sets binding targets for each of industrialized countries in percentage of their base year emission, thus limiting their emissions of six greenhouse gases, given aggregated in carbon dioxide equivalent emissions.

It is important to mention that these industrialized countries with a binding commitment in the Annex B of the Kyoto Protocol are actually developed countries, listed in of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change.

Other Parties to the Convention, developing countries, are not included in any numerical limitation of the Kyoto Protocol due to the fact that they were not the main contributors to the greenhouse gas emissions during the pre-treaty industrialization period and are known as Parties to the Convention. However, even without target given in numbers, the developing countries, signing the Kyoto Protocol do share the common responsibility in reducing emissions.