Geography, asked by bhartiya06, 11 months ago

what conditions of soil favour the growth of cotton​

Answers

Answered by anuham97
1

Answer:

Temperature

Cotton can be grown in places wherever, at least 180-200 frost free days are available.

Optimum temperature for germination 20-300C. Germination will be delayed if the temperature is <180C.

For vegetative growth, mean daily temperature of 21-27oC is optimum. Day temperatures ranging from 27-32oC with cool nights favour fruiting & boll development. The growth of cotton plant and fibre development is seriously limited when the minimum temperature falls below 15oC. Optimum temperature for peak flowering ranges from 29-34oC. Under adequate soil moisture, cotton withstand high temperatures of 43-45oC for short periods.

Rainfall

Cotton being a tropical plant of arid origin requires atleast or 500 mm of mean annual rainfall with uniform distribution. During the vegetative phase, moderate rainfall is good where as in later stages heavy rains will affect the quality of cotton.

Rains at night and light in daytime is congenial for its growth. Heavy rains or moisture stress during flowering and fruiting accentuates bud and boll shedding. High air humidity causes infection of fungus. Dry period during ripening and boll bursting phases ensures good quality lint.

Light and photoperiod

Abundant sunshine is ideal for cotton production and cloudiness adversely affects boll setting and growth. Cloudy weather lasting 2 to 8 days cause heavy bud and boll shedding. Cotton, exhibits day neutralism. Decrease in light decreases growth and fruiting and increases anthocyanin content in leaf resulting in low photosynthetic efficiency.

The climatic conditions in the cotton growing regions of India show considerable variations. High temperature of about 45oC during sowing and seeding emergence and low temperature accompanied by occasional frost coinciding with the picking period and moderate rainfall ranging from 300-700 mm are the features of the north zone. In the Southern and Central zones, the climate is equal.

The maximum temperature ranges from 32 – 40oC and the minimum temperature from 10 – 20oC. Rainfall ranges from 500-1250 mm, predominantly through the southwest monsoon from June to September.

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