Question

What created a new political and economic situation created in India in 1913 to 1918

Answer 1

Answer:

The World War I had created a new economic and political situation. It led to a huge increase in defence expenditure which was financed by war loans and increasing taxes, custom duties were raised and income tax was introduced. Through the war years prices increased - doubling between 1913 and 1918 - leading to extreme hardships for the common people. Villages were called upon to supply soldiers, and the forced recruitment in rural areas caused widespread anger. Then in 1918-1919 and 1920-1921, crops failed in many parts of India, resulting in acute shortages of food. This was accompanied by an influenza epidemic. According to the census of 1921, 12 to 13 million people perished as a result of famines and the epidemic.