What did antonio soldiers do? Question from A basket full of sea trouts
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The Alamo Mission in San Antonio (Spanish: Misión de Álamo), commonly called The Alamo and originally known as the Misión San Antonio de Valero, is a historic Spanish mission and fortress compound founded in the 18th century by Roman Catholic missionaries in what is now San Antonio, Texas, United States. It was the site of the Battle of the Alamo in 1836. Today it is a museum in the Alamo Plaza Historic District and a part of the San Antonio Missions World Heritage Site.
Location300 Alamo Plaza
San Antonio, Texas
U.S.Coordinates29°25′33″N 98°29′10″WName as foundedMisión San Antonio de ValeroEnglish translationSaint Anthony of Valero MissionPatronAnthony of PaduaFounding priest(s)Antonio de San Buenaventura y OlivareArea5 acres (2.0 ha)Built1718Native tribe(s)
Spanish name(s)CoahuiltecansGoverning bodyTexas General Land Office
UNESCO World Heritage Site
CriteriaCultural: (ii)Designated2015 (39th session)Part ofSan Antonio MissionsReference no.1466-005State Party United StatesRegionEurope and North America
U.S. National Register of Historic Places
DesignatedOctober 15, 1966[1]Reference no.66000808[1]
U.S. National Historic Landmark
DesignatedDecember 19, 1960[2]
U.S. Historic district
Contributing property
DesignatedJuly 13, 1977[3]Part ofAlamo Plaza Historic DistrictReference no.77001425
Texas State Antiquities Landmark
DesignatedJune 28, 1983Reference no.8200001755
The historic district was one of the early Spanish missions in Texas, built for the education of local American Indians after their conversion to Christianity. The mission was secularized in 1793 and then abandoned. Ten years later, it became a fortress housing the Second Flying Company of San Carlos de Parras military unit, who likely gave the mission the name Alamo. During the Texas Revolution, Mexican General Martín Perfecto de Cos surrendered the fort to the Texian Army in December 1835, following the Siege of Béxar. A relatively small number of Texian soldiers then occupied the compound for several months. The defenders were wiped out at the Battle of the Alamo on March 6, 1836. As the Mexican Army retreated from Texas several months later, they tore down many of the Alamo walls and burned some of the buildings.
For the next five years, the Alamo was periodically used to garrison soldiers, both Texian and Mexican, but was ultimately abandoned. In 1849, several years after Texas was annexed to the United States, the U.S. Army began renting the facility for use as a quartermaster's depot, before again abandoning the mission in 1876 after nearby Fort Sam Houston was established. The Alamo chapel was sold to the state of Texas, which conducted occasional tours but made no effort to restore it. The remaining buildings were sold to a mercantile company which operated them as a wholesale grocery store.
The Daughters of the Republic of Texas (DRT) formed in 1895 and began trying to preserve the Alamo. Adina Emilia De Zavala and Clara Driscoll successfully convinced the state legislature in 1905 to purchase the remaining buildings and to name the DRT as the permanent custodian of the site. Over the next century, periodic attempts were made to transfer control of the Alamo from the DRT. In early 2015, Texas Land Commissioner George P. Bush officially removed control of the Alamo to the Texas General Land Office.[4] The Alamo and the four missions in the San Antonio Missions National Historical Park were designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site on July 5, 2015.[5]