what do you know about the agricultural practices and the various implementations involved in it? explain?
Answers
The agricultural practices are:
1) Preparation of Soil- The soil is properly tilled and ploughed before sowing. The main tools used are plough and hoe. Ploughing makes the soil more porous. This also brings the nutrient rich soil on top.
2) Sowing- After ploughing and tilling, the seeds are sown. This is done by a seed drill which makes sure that the seeds are sown at equal distances. A method of separating healthy seeds from unhealthy seeds is to keep the seeds in a vessel of water. After some time, some seeds will float. These are the unhealthy seeds. Unhealthy seeds are hollow due to which they are lighter. Because of this they float on water.
3) Adding manure and fertilizers- The manure and fertilizers are addded to soil to provide the nutrients to plant which are not present in soil. Manure is recommended more than fertilizers as:-
- manure is naturally produced
- it makes the soil porous due to which exchange of gases becomes easy
- it increases the number of friendly microbes
- it increases the water holding capacity of soil
4) Irrigation- The act of providing water to the plants is known as irrigation.
There are two methods of irrigation:-
- Traditional Methods
- Modern Methods
The modern methods are preferred help in more over traditional methods as they help in conservation of water.
5) Protecting from weeds- The protection of plants from weeds is necessary as they compete with plants for water, air, sunlight and space. The weeds are removed either manually or by weedicides such as 2 and
4-d.
6) Harvesting- The gathering of ripe crops from the field is known as harvesting. This is mostly done by a machine called combine which is a harvester as well as a thresher. Reaping is the process of cutting of crops from the field with the help of a sickle or by machines. Then the grain is separated from the chaff by the process of threshing. Farmers with small holdings of land do this by the process of winnowing.
7) Storing- The harvested crop is then stored for a long time. The grains are stored in granaries. A large amount of grains are stored in silos.
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