Question

what do you mean by breeding experiment? How can we develope a disease resistant variety with it's help. explain​

Answer 1

Answer:

Plant Breeding for Disease Resistance

The basic objective of breeding for disease resistance is to develop inherent quality in the plant to prevent the pathogen from causing the disease. Such varieties of plants are called resistant plants. The basic method is the same as normal hybridization.

Explanation:

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Answer 2

Answer:

Plant Breeding Definition

Plant breeding is a method of altering the genetic pattern of plants to increase their value and utility for human welfare. It is a purposeful manipulation of plants to create desired plant types that are better suited for cultivation, give better yield and are disease resistant. Plant breeding is done for the following objectives –

Increase the crop yield

Improve the quality of the crop

Increase tolerance to environmental conditions like salinity. extreme temperatures and drought

Develop a resistance to pathogens

Increase tolerance to the insect pest

Steps for Different Plant Breeding Methods

The main steps of the plant breeding program are as follows-

1. Collection of Variability

Wild varieties species and relatives of the cultivated species having desired traits should be collected and preserved. The entire collection having all the diverse alleles for all genes in a given crop is called germplasm collection. Germplasm conservation can be done following ways-

In situ conservation – It can be done with the help of forests and Natural Reserves.

Ex situ conservation- it is done through botanical gardens, seed banks.

2. Evaluation and Selection of Parents

The germplasm collected is evaluated to identify the plants with desirable characters. It is made sure that only the pure lines are selected. The selected plants are multiplied and used in the process of hybridization.

3. Hybridization

The Pollen Grain from one desired parent plant selected as a male parent is collected and dusted over another plant which is considered as the female parent.

4. Selection and Testing of Superior Recombinants

Progeny obtained after crossing are evaluated for the desired combination of characters.

These are self-pollinated for several generations till there is a state of uniformity so that the characters will not segregate further.

5. Testing Release and Commercialization of New Cultivars

The selected plants are evaluated by growing the plants in an experimental field and the performance is recorded. This is done for at least 3 growing Seasons at different locations in the country.