Question

What do you mean by disaster management? Explain the steps involved in disaster management?

Answer 1

Explanation:

➡️Disaster management is a collective term encompassing all aspects of planning for and responding to emergencies and disasters, including both pre- and post-event activities. It refers to the management of both the risk and the consequences of an event.

In essence, disaster management is more than just response and relief; it is a systematic process aimed at reducing the negative impact and/or consequences of adverse events.Disaster management does not avert or eliminate the threats; instead, it focuses on creating plans to decrease the effect of disasters.

Steps involved in disaster management:

1. Prevention - Prevention was recently added to the phases of emergency management. It focuses on preventing the human hazard, primarily from potential natural disasters or terrorist attacks. Preventive measures are taken, designed to provide permanent protection from disasters. Not all disasters, particularly natural disasters, can be prevented, but the risk of loss of life and injury can be mitigated with good evacuation plans, environmental planning and design standards.

2.Mitigation – In electrical risks, a periodical power quality audit and exhaustive preventive maintenance process with the help of electrical consultants can avert fire risks due to electrical reasons, which is the major cause (>85%) of fires. In earthquake prone areas, these preventive measures might include structural changes such as the installation of an earthquake valve to instantly shut off the natural gas supply, seismic retrofits of property, and the securing of items inside a building. The latter may include the mounting of furniture, refrigerators, water heaters and breakables to the walls, and the addition of cabinet latches. In flood prone areas, houses can be built on poles/stilts.

Disaster mitigation measures are those that eliminate or reduce the impacts and risks of hazards through proactive measures taken before an emergency or disaster occurs.

3.Preparedness – Preparedness focuses on preparing equipment and procedures for use when a disaster This equipment and these procedures can be used to reduce vulnerability to disaster, to mitigate the impacts of a disaster or to respond more efficiently in an emergency.

a) Conduct disaster risk assessments.

b)Integrate broader social and environmental issues into business strategies and operations.

c) Enact measures and systems that reduce risks.

d) Develop plans for response and recovery.

e)Disaster risk management (DRM) is a systematic application of management policies, procedures and practices to the tasks of identifying, analyzing, evaluating, treating and monitoring risk. Disaster risk reduction (DRR) entails measures to curb disaster losses by addressing hazards and people’s vulnerability to them.

The most effective disaster risk management often happens before disasters occur, continues after a disaster and incorporates lessons learned, thus mitigating risks to future disasters.

Disaster risk reduction is about modifying hazards, reducing vulnerability, increasing capacity.

4. Response - The response phase of an emergency may commence with Search and Rescue but in all cases the focus will quickly turn to fulfilling the basic humanitarian needs of the affected population.

a)Disaster response refers to actions taken during and immediately after a disaster to ensure that its effects are minimized, and that people affected are given immediate relief and support.

b)These include providing food, water, shelter, and medical aid, removing people from danger, among other outreach efforts.

c)Disaster recovery refers to the coordinated process of supporting disaster-affected communities in reconstruction of physical infrastructure and restoration of emotional, social, economic and physical well- being.

d)This includes re-building houses and businesses, and providing medical aid and counseling, among other efforts.

5.Recovery - The recovery phase starts after the immediate threat to human life has subsided. The immediate goal of the recovery phase is to bring the affected area back to normalcy as quickly as possible. During reconstruction it is recommended to consider the location or construction material of the property.

Answer 2

Answer:

The instruction of correctly getting ready for and responding to calamities is referred to as disaster management.

Explanation:

The instruction of correctly getting ready for and responding to calamities is referred to as disaster management. It involves intentionally allocating sources to lessen the harm because of calamities. It additionally involves a scientific approach to coping with disaster prevention, readiness, reaction, and restoration duties.

Steps concerned in disaster management:

1. Prevention

• Efforts made to keep away from a mishap. Preventing an incident from happening. Surveillance and deterrence operations

2.Mitigation

• Measures taken to save you an emergency, reduce the chance of an emergency occurring, or mitigate the terrible outcomes of inevitable catastrophes.
• Establishing creation requirements and zoning requirements, erecting shutters, and building obstacles along with levees are all not unusualplace mitigation strategies.

3.Preparedness

• Activities enhance a community's cappotential to reply withinside the occasion of a catastrophe.
• Developing mutual useful resource agreements and memorandums of understanding, schooling for each reaction personnel and worried public, disaster drills to boost schooling and check capabilities, and imparting all-dangers schooling campaigns are all examples of common preparedness methods.

4.Response

• Actions taken immediately before, during, and after a hazard strike with the goal of preserving lives and decreasing economic damages.

5.Recovery

• Restoration of fundamental services and repair of physical, social, and economic damages are examples of actions made to return a community to normal or near-normal conditions.
•  Debris cleanup, financial aid to people and governments, road and bridge reconstruction, and long-term mass care for displaced human and animal populations are all common recovery efforts.

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