What do you mean by imperialism & Nationalism..
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Explanation
Nationalism :-
Nationalism is an idea and movement that promotes the interests of a particular nation (as in a group of people), especially with the aim of gaining and maintaining the nation's sovereignty (self-governance) over its homeland.
Imperialism :-
Imperialism is the state policy, practice, or advocacy of extending power and dominion, especially by direct territorial acquisition or by gaining political and economic control of other territories and peoples.
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Nationalism and Imperialism :-
Background: The later part of the nineteenth century was a time when the world saw a rise in nationalism which eventually gave way to and collided with imperialism. Nationalism refers to a deep love and loyalty to one’s country. Usually nationalism would refer to groups with a common culture, language, and history. From this would come a feeling of national unity.
Nationalism and its self are both good and bad. It implies that peoples have a belief in self determination; they have united and decided which nation they are. Imperialism refers to the diplomatic policy of expansionism in which nations rule and influence other nations. It especially refers to the 1800s when Belgium, Germany, Great Britain, Italy, Spain, and Portugal divided nearly all of Africa and much of Asia among themselves.
The good and bad effects of Nationalism :-
The effects of nationalism can be good and bad.
GOOD :-
• People have a sense of belonging.
• People have a willingness to make sacrifices for their country.
• People exhibit a greater interest in their nation’s achievements and learning
BAD :-
• Nationalism produces rivalries and tension.
• People exhibit a desire for military conquest and national glory.
• Nationalism can possibly lead to war and even hatred, persecution and racism
Key terms :-
Imperialism- the policy of extending one country’s rule over many lands
Nationalism- the belief that the greatest loyalty should be to one’s country
Protectorate- a country or state that is controlled by an outside government
Sphere of influence- region dominated by, but not directly ruled by a foreign government.
Culture- the way of life including language, tools, skills, beliefs, and traditions that people develop and leave to their country
Westernization- the bringing of western European ideas, beliefs, traditions, and technology to other cultures
Partition- the division of a country into two or more parts
Arbitration- judging a dispute by one or more impartial persons whose decision will be final and binding.
Key Concepts
• European nations competed for overseas growth
• The search for new markets, the need for raw materials, the desire for adventure, and pride in European ideals and culture contributed to imperialism
• European nation conquered and divided all of Africa with the expectation of
Liberia and Ethiopia
• Great Britain’s government took over the rule of India following the Sepoy Mutiny.
• Resentment form the Chinese towards the United States and great Britian follow the Open Door Policy
• Modernization in Japan produced a strong economy and imperialism
• Foreign interests in Latin America tied those countries closely with industrialized, imperialist countries.
Causes and effects of the Age of Imperialism :-
Long Term Causes
• Industrialization led to the need for additional resources. (land, natural resources)
• Colonies were needed for additional markets of manufactured goods
• Military strategy (to protect shipping and existing colonies)
• Nationalism
Immediate Causes
Stanley and Livingstone claim the Congo River valley for King Leopold II of Belgium
Effects :-
• Strained international relations
• Westernized Colonies increasing and improving communication and
transportation systems
• Exported natural resources to Western Europe
• Led to World War I