what do you mean by shifting cultivation ? how the changes in forest management affect it
Answers
Answer:
i)
Shifting Cultivators:. The colonial rulers
and shifting cultivation at it for difficult for the government to calculate
taxes. As a result a number of communities were forced to leave the forest some
had to join alternate occupations in the cities while some rose in rebellion
against Colony authority.
Ii) Nomadic and pastoralist communities:
The Nomadic and pastoralist Groups suffered
a lot . The British government declared some forests are reserved and protected.
This Limited their access to the forests. They could not graze their animals in
the forest or collect fruits, roots, fuel and Timber. For medicine they could
not collect medicinal plants. They had to give up hunting and fishing in the
forest areas as well.
iii) Firms trading in Timber/ forest
produce:
The British Colonial rule affected the
Timber Trade in many ways:
a) The British government enacted
loss for forest preservation. People were not allowed to cut trees and collect
Timber from the forests
b) People could not collect the
forest products like coconuts, bamboo, spices, Silk, gum ,e.t c
c) The British government gave the
right to only a few European trading firms to trade in the forest product of
particular areas.
iv) plantation owners:
Large areas of forests were cleared to make
way for tea, coffee and Rubber plantations.
Plantation agriculture came to India with
the British rule.The Owners of the plantations were mostly Europeans. These
European traders started making huge profits. The Indian traders and plantation
workers were left at the mercy of European plantation owners.
v)
Kings/ British officials engaged in Shikhar(
hunting):
Hunting was considered a way of enjoyment
by the Indian rulers. The King was recognised by the number of tigers or lions
killed by him. Even the British government encourage the Killing of animals
most of the British officials were found of hunting. Under the British rule the
scale of hunting increased to such an extent that various species became almost
extinct.
Only after many years past the
environmentalist question this uncontrol hunting and suggested the preservation
of the animal species.
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Answer:
Shifting cultivation is an agricultural system in which plots of land are cultivated temporarily , then abandoned and allowed to revert to their natural vegetation while the cultivator moves on to another plot.