Question

What do you mean by the word Mutation and Punnet square?

Answer 1

A Punnett square is a graphical way of determining all the possible genetic outcomes when a cross is performed. In essence, it is a probability box that shows the odds of each possible trait happening. and mutation is

the changing of the structure of a gene, resulting in a variant form which may be transmitted to subsequent generations, caused by the alteration of single base units in DNA, or the deletion, insertion, or rearrangement of larger sections of genes or chromosomes.

Answer 2

with blue eyes. How is this possible? When studying genetics, it's important to remember that there are all kinds of variations in the ways genes express themselves. It's often one gene or a combination of genes that give an organism a particular trait. Since there are so many possibilities when the genes of two parents combine, it is helpful to use a tool called a Punnett square. A Punnett square is a graphical way of determining all the possible genetic outcomes when a cross is performed. In essence, it is a probability box that shows the odds of each possible trait happening.

When traits are expressed by an organism, they result from two copies of a gene: one from the mother and one from the father. Genes can appear in one of two forms: dominant or recessive. The recessiveform will be masked if a dominant form is present. Since each parent may have a different combination of the genes, three possible conditions may occur:

BB is called homozygous dominant. Both genes are the same and dominant. The dominant trait is expressed.

Bb is called heterozygous. The organism has a dominant gene and a recessive gene. The dominant trait usually masks the recessive, so the dominant trait is expressed.

bb is called homozygous recessive. Both genes are the same and recessive. The recessive trait is expressed.

When offspring are produced, parents can pass on either of their genes. This is why a Punnett square is a helpful tool.