what do you means by bond pair and lone pair of electron ? Give example.
Answers
A lone pair of electrons are a pair of electrons on the outer shell which are not shared with any other atom. A bonding pair is the opposite, and is a pair of electrons on the outer shell which are involved with a bond between two atoms.
An example, Take H20, the oxygen has 6 electrons on its outer shell, in the bond between oxygen and hydrogen in H20 one electron from the oxygen shares a bond with each hydrogen electron, in that case it would be a bonding pair. However electrons from the oxygen still remain, and there are 4 left, however they're in pairs, so there are two lone pairs, or also termed "non bonding pairs".
See this diagram to help visualize what I am saying and it becomes simple. If the electrons are involved with a bond it is a bonding pair, however if it is not involved between the bonding of two atoms it is a lone pair, provided it is the outer shell.
