Question

what do you understand by kulaks​

Answer 1

The Russian Kulaks were a class of peasant farmers who owned their own land. The term "Kulak" was originally intended to be derogatory. Soviet propaganda painted these farmers as greedy and standing in the way of the "utopian" collectivisation that would take away their land, livestock, and produce.

Kulak, (Russian: “fist”), in Russian and Soviet history, a wealthy or prosperous peasant, generally characterized as one who owned a relatively large farm and several head of cattle and horses and who was financially capable of employing hired labour and leasing land.

Kulaks were wealthy peasants of czarist Russia who were characterised by the Russian Communists at the time of the October Revolution as exploiters. Kulaks, a peasant class, became land owners of their farms. The members of the Bolshevik party ransacked the Kulaks and their possessions were confiscated.