Question

what do you understand by water logging ? how does it damage crops?

Answer 1

What is waterlogging and how does it harm crops, and how can it be prevented? Waterlogging is a condition where the soil is completely saturated with water that isn’t percolating into the ground or draining. Plant’s root systems need air, so when the ground is waterlogged, they can drown. At very least, they will begin to rot if the ground remains saturated for a while, but if they don’t get relief, they, and the plants, will die. This, of course, doesn’t apply to all crops, rice, for example, thrives when the roots are submerged.

Waterlogging can be prevented by providing drainage where the land slope allows for it, and when it isn’t possible to drain an area that is subject to waterlogging, you may be able to create a retention pond onsite to catch excess water. Other than draining or catching the water, there isn’t much you can do short of building up an area prone to this condition.



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Answer 2

When the conditions are so created that the crop root-zone gets deprived of proper aeration due to the presence of excessive moisture or water content, the tract is said to be waterlogged. To create such conditions it is not always necessary that under groundwater table should enter the crop root-zone. Sometimes even if water table is below the root-zone depth the capillary water zone may extend in the root-zone depth and makes the air circulation impossible by filling the pores in the soil.

The waterlogging may be defined as rendering the soil unproductive and infertile due to excessive moisture and creation of anaerobic conditions. The phenomenon of waterlogging can be best understood with the help of a hydrologic equation, which states that

Inflow = Outflow -I- Storage

Here inflow represents that amount of water which enters the subsoil in various processes. It includes seepage from the canals, infiltration of rainwater, percolation from irrigated fields and subsoil flow. Thus although it is loss or us, it represents the amount of water flowing into the soil.