What do you understand Hybridisation? Explain 2 3 sp sp sp , , Hybridisations with one example each
Answers
Explanation:
Hybridisation is defined as the process of mixing of atomic orbitals of nearly equal energy of an atom to give the same number of new set of orbitals of equal energy and shapes. Depending on the number and nature of orbitals involving hybridisation it is classified into different types. If 's' and 'p' atomic orbitals are involved three types are possible namely sp3 , sp2 and sp. 1. sp3 hybridisation : In this hybridisation one 's' and three 'p' atomic orbitals of the excited atom combine to form four equivalent sp3 hybridised orbitals. This hybridisation is known as tetrahedral or tetragonal hybridisation. Each sp3 hybridised orbital possess 25% 's' nature and 75% of 'p' nature. The shape of the molecule is tetrahedral with a bond angle 109°28', e.g. : Formation of Methane molecule : (1) The central atom of methane is carbon. (2) The electronic configuration of carbon in ground state is 1s2 2s2 2px2 2py12pz0 and on excitation it is 1s2 2s1 2px1 2py1 2pz1.Read more on Sarthaks.com - https://www.sarthaks.com/535111/understand-hybridization-explain-different-types-hybridizations-involving-orbitals