What does a negative value of σ signify for a substituent? It is electron withdrawing it is electron donating it is neutral it is hydrophobic?
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A negative value of σ signifies an electron donating substituent whereas a positive value signifies an electron withdrawing substituent. A value close to zero would indicate a neutral electronic effect.
It is electron- withdrawing. It is electron donating. It is neutral. It is hydrophobic.
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A negative value of Hammet's constant, σ, indicates the electron-donating nature of the substituent.
- Hammet's constant is used to predict the influence of the substituents on the activity of drug molecules. It is an important tool in QSAR(Quantitative structure-activity relationship) studies.
- A negative value of σ indicates the electron-donating nature of the substituent whereas the electron-withdrawing groups have a positive σ value.
- A value of σ equal to zero indicates that the substituent is neutral.
- σ value does predict the hydrophobicity of a substituent. Hydrophobicity can be interpreted from the values of π, the hydrophobicity constant.
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