What does Nitration of acetanilide followed by hydration give ?
Answers
Answer:
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Explanation:
Here in first step electrophilic aromatic substitution (nitration) of nitronium ion is occurring towords para position of acetanilide more than ortho position due to steric reasons. Nitronium ion is the electrophile generates from fuming nitric acid in presence of fuming sulphuric acid.
Simple, Nitric acid is a potent oxidizer and hence unstable to heat and easily can be broken down to brown nitrogen oxides without other chemicals present. Especially if 90%+ concentrations.
Nitration is a type of chemical reaction which a nitro group is added to/substituted in a molecule. Basically it can be carried out by a mixture of concentrated nitric acid and sulphuric acid. Mixture is useful to obtain the active nitronium ion. Electrophilic aromatic substitution is a method used when a functional group is needed to be substituted on to an aromatic compound. In the nitration, nitronium ion acts as the electrophile that involves the attack of the electron-rich Benzene ring. In this experiment nitration is carried out using acetanilide.
Theory
Acetanilide displays moderately reactivity in electrophilic aromatic substitution. Also another advantage is, it’s not oxidized by nitric acid. Principally, acetanilide gives Ortho and Para mono nitroacetanilides. This position of nitronium ion is directed by the –NHCOCH3 group attached to the benzene ring. This is due to the resonance delocalizing the benzene ring by nitrogen lone pair. Therefore Ortho and Para positions are more resonance stabilized than the Meta. Acetanilide undergoes ready nitration giving mainly the colourless P-nitroacetanilide, mixed with much smaller proportion of the yellow colour O-nitroacetanilide.
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Answer:
A. O - nitroaniline
B. P - nitroaniline
C. O.and P - nitroaniline
D. O - nitroanilium ion
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