Question

what does the indian constitution include ​

Answer 1

Answer:

Explanation:The Constitution of India (IAST: Bhāratīya Saṃvidhāna) is the supreme law of India.[4][5] The document lays down the framework demarcating fundamental political code, structure, procedures, powers, and duties of government institutions and sets out fundamental rights, directive principles, and the duties of citizens. It is the longest written constitution of any country on earth.[b][6][7][8] B. R. Ambedkar, chairman of the drafting committee, is widely considered to be its chief architect.[9]

It imparts constitutional supremacy (not parliamentary supremacy, since it was created by a constituent assembly rather than Parliament) and was adopted by its people with a declaration in its preamble.[10][full citation needed] Parliament cannot override the constitution.

B. R. Ambedkar and Constitution of India on a 2015 postage stamp of India

It was adopted by the Constituent Assembly of India on 26 November 1949 and became effective on 26 January 1950.[11] The constitution replaced the Government of India Act 1935 as the country's fundamental governing document, and the Dominion of India became the Republic of India. To ensure constitutional autochthony, its framers repealed prior acts of the British parliament in Article 395.[12] India celebrates its constitution on 26 January as Republic Day.[13]

The constitution declares India a sovereign, socialist, secular,[14] democratic republic, assuring its citizens justice, equality and liberty, and endeavours to promote fraternity.[15] The original 1950 constitution is preserved in a helium-filled case at the Parliament House in New Delhi. The words "secular" and "socialist" were added to the preamble in 1976 during the Emergency.[16]

Contents

1 Background

1.1 Previous legislation

2 Constituent Assembly

2.1 Timeline of formation of the Constitution of India

2.2 Membership

2.3 Drafting

3 Influence of other constitutions

4 Structure

4.1 Parts

4.2 Schedules

4.3 Appendices

5 Constitution and government

6 Constitution and legislature

6.1 Amendments

6.2 Limitations

7 Constitution and judiciary

7.1 Judicial review

8 Flexibility

9 See also

10 Notes

10.1 Notes on Article 21

11 References

12 Bibliography

13 External links