Question

What efforts should be made to prevent drought/famine from occurring?Answer the given question.

Answer 1

Famine is a condition where there is no food security and in such situations, the people may even die of starvation. The worst famine of India took place in the Bengal Province in the year 1943. Nearly 3,00,000 people are said to have died in this famine.

Answer 2

Strategies for drought protection, mitigation or relief include:

Dams – many dams and their associated reservoirs supply additional water in times of drought.

Cloud seeding – a form of intentional weather modification to induce rainfall. This remains a hotly debated topic, as the United States National Research Council released a report in 2004 stating that to date, there is still no convincing scientific proof of the efficacy of intentional weather modification.

Desalination – of sea water for irrigation or consumption.

Drought monitoring – Continuous observation of rainfall levels and comparisons with current usage levels can help prevent man-made drought. Careful monitoring of moisture levels can also help predict increased risk for wildfires, using such metrics as the Keetch-Byram Drought Index or Palmer Drought Index.

Land use – Carefully planned crop rotation can help to minimize erosion and allow farmers to plant less water-dependent crops in drier years.

Famine prevention

1. Food security

Long term measures to improve food security, include investment in modern agriculture techniques, such as fertilizers and irrigation, but can also include strategic national food storage.The effort to bring modern agricultural techniques found in the Western world, such as nitrogen fertilizers and pesticides, to Asia, called the Green Revolution, resulted in decreases in malnutrition similar to those seen earlier in Western nations. This was possible because of existing infrastructure and institutions that are in short supply in Africa, such as a system of roads or public seed companies that made seeds available. Supporting farmers in areas of food insecurity, through such measures as free or subsidized fertilizers and seeds, increases food harvest and reduces food prices.

2. Relief

There is a growing realization among aid groups that giving cash or cash vouchers instead of food is a cheaper, faster, and more efficient way to deliver help to the hungry, particularly in areas where food is available but unaffordable.However, for people in a drought living a long way from and with limited access to markets, delivering food may be the most appropriate way to help.Deficient micronutrients can be provided through fortifying foods.

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