Question

What factors led to the commercialisation of agriculture under the British

Answer 1

Revolutionary changes had occurred in the agrarian property relations towards the end of the 18th century. This was over a period of time, followed by a commercial revolution in the agricultural sector. Commercialization of agriculture became prominent around 1860 A.D. This brought about a change from cultivation for home consumption to cultivation for the market. Cash transactions become the basis of exchange and largely replaced the barter system.

Various factors led to the commercialization of agriculture during the British rule in India. The chief factor was the colonial subjugation of India under the British rule. India was reduced to the supplier of raw materials and food grains to Britain and importer of British manufactured goods. Many commercial crops like, cotton, jute, tea, tobacco were introduced to meet the demand in Britain.

Better means of communication (equipped with rapid development of railways and shipping) made trade in agricultural products feasible, especially over long distances. The emergence of grain merchants was a natural adjunct to this and greatly facilitated agricultural trade. Monetization of land revenue payments was another important casual factor for agricultural commercialization.

Further, increasing demand for some of the commercial crops in other foreign countries gave impetus to commercialization of agriculture.

Answer 2

Commercialization of agriculture introduced in India by the British during the colonial period.

Explanation:

• The British Role in India impacts the economic condition. The several economic policies supported by the British led to a transformation of India economy.
• The main purpose of the colonial economy was to look for the needs of the British economy. All this led to the commercialization of agriculture.
• The commercialization suggests that the crops and goods produced for sale in the market and not for self-consumption.
• The crops that the British introduced were Indigo, cotton, opium, sugarcane, groundnuts, etc. British also began to introduce plantations crops like tea, coffee, and rubber.

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Causes of commercialization of agriculture​

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