What factors led to the growth of naxalist movement india?
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The Naxal affected areas are tribal dominated districts in the interiors of the states where the administrative architecture and development has not reached. The discontent among the population of these areas is on the matters of rights to lands, forests, mining, development and the caste based discrimination.
Political Factors
Emergence of the movement coincided with the formation of the first United Front Government in West Bengal (1967) with CPI (M) as its main constituent. The movement thus received increasing official support, attention and press coverage in those times.
The movement was influenced with the political ideology of Chinese Communist Party and Mao Zedong. They used slogans such as “China’s path is our path; China’s Chairman is our Chairman”. However, this ideological inclination to China faded away later. Today, the Naxalite groups are no more having the same perceptions. However, their commitment to Maoism remains as it was earlier.
Economic factors
Problem of poverty and economic inequality and underdevelopment in the naxal affected regions.
Skewed distribution of land and economic growth.
Encroachment of forest lands by and wealth controlled by contractor-politician nexus.
Various issues raised by Naxals / Maoists
Caste / Gender based exploitation
This includes victimization and sexual exploitation of tribal women, recruitment of teenage girls as special police officers and exploitation of low caste women by upper caste males.
Religious Minorities
The Maoists use the Babri mosque demolition, Gujarat riots and other such events to call up the minorities to unite against the fascist Hindus. They give unequivocal support to Kashmiris, Nagas, ULFA and and Meiteis.
Issues of agrarian community
The Maoists point to the farmer suicides in Vadarbha, Andhra Pradesh etc. and have included in their programme signing off the peasants debts, restoration of farm subsidies, investment in irrigation, proper prices of farm produce and ban on Multi National Companies.
Induced displacement by Development
Maoists keep the SEZ on top of their agenda. SEZ, according to them is a treacherous policy to snatch the land of the people and hand it over to MNCs.
Political Factors
Emergence of the movement coincided with the formation of the first United Front Government in West Bengal (1967) with CPI (M) as its main constituent. The movement thus received increasing official support, attention and press coverage in those times.
The movement was influenced with the political ideology of Chinese Communist Party and Mao Zedong. They used slogans such as “China’s path is our path; China’s Chairman is our Chairman”. However, this ideological inclination to China faded away later. Today, the Naxalite groups are no more having the same perceptions. However, their commitment to Maoism remains as it was earlier.
Economic factors
Problem of poverty and economic inequality and underdevelopment in the naxal affected regions.
Skewed distribution of land and economic growth.
Encroachment of forest lands by and wealth controlled by contractor-politician nexus.
Various issues raised by Naxals / Maoists
Caste / Gender based exploitation
This includes victimization and sexual exploitation of tribal women, recruitment of teenage girls as special police officers and exploitation of low caste women by upper caste males.
Religious Minorities
The Maoists use the Babri mosque demolition, Gujarat riots and other such events to call up the minorities to unite against the fascist Hindus. They give unequivocal support to Kashmiris, Nagas, ULFA and and Meiteis.
Issues of agrarian community
The Maoists point to the farmer suicides in Vadarbha, Andhra Pradesh etc. and have included in their programme signing off the peasants debts, restoration of farm subsidies, investment in irrigation, proper prices of farm produce and ban on Multi National Companies.
Induced displacement by Development
Maoists keep the SEZ on top of their agenda. SEZ, according to them is a treacherous policy to snatch the land of the people and hand it over to MNCs.
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