What happen when boiling point of water is reached ?
1.Water exists in liquid state
2.Water exists in gaseous state
3.Water exists in liquid and gaseous state
4.Water evaporates
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Answers
Answer:
Evaporation is the process of molecules on a liquid’s surface achieving sufficient energy to break free of the liquid and become gas.
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
Illustrate the causes for evaporation near the surface of a liquid
KEY TAKEAWAYS
Key Points
Evaporation turns liquids into gas.
Evaporation can take place at temperatures below boiling point since the molecules in the liquid have different energies.
As the molecules in a liquid collide, some achieve higher energies, allowing them to escape. This process lowers the energy of the remaining molecules and is the source of cooling in evaporating liquids.
Key Terms
Vaporization: a conversion of a solid or a liquid into a gas
Evaporation is a type of vaporization of a liquid that only occurs on the liquid’s surface. Usually, the molecules in a glass of water do not have enough heat energy to escape from the liquid. With sufficient heat, however, the liquid would quickly turn into vapor. When the molecules collide, they transfer energy to each other in varying degrees. Sometimes the transfer is so one-sided for a molecule near the surface that it achieves enough energy to escape the liquid.
Three key parts to evaporation are heat, atmospheric pressure (determines the percent humidity) and air movement. For molecules of a liquid to evaporate, they must be located near the surface, be moving in the proper direction, and have sufficient kinetic energy to overcome liquid- phase intermolecular forces. When only a small proportion of the molecules meet these criteria, the rate of evaporation is low. Since the kinetic energy of a molecule is proportional to its temperature, evaporation proceeds more quickly at higher temperatures. As the faster-moving molecules escape, the remaining molecules have lower average kinetic energy, and the temperature of the liquid decreases. This phenomenon is also called evaporative cooling. This is why evaporating sweat cools the human body. Evaporation also tends to proceed more quickly with higher flow rates between the gaseous and liquid phases and in liquids with higher vapor pressure. For example, laundry on a clothes line will dry (by evaporation) more rapidly on a windy day than on a still day.
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Vapor Pressure Diagram: (a) Because of the distribution of speeds and kinetic energies, some water molecules can break away to the vapor phase even at temperatures below the ordinary boiling point. (b) If the container is sealed, evaporation will continue until there is enough vapor density for the condensation rate to equal the evaporation rate. This vapor density and the partial pressure it creates are the saturation values. They increase with temperature and are independent of the presence of other gases, such as air. They depend only on the vapor pressure of water.
Evaporation is an essential part of the water cycle. The sun (solar energy) drives evaporation of water from oceans, lakes, moisture in the soil, and other sources of water. In hydrology, evaporation and transpiration (which involves evaporation within plant stomata) are collectively termed evapotranspiration. Evaporation of water occurs when the surface of the liquid is exposed, allowing molecules to escape and form water vapor; this vapor can then rise and form clouds.
The Evaporating Atmosphere
At equilibrium, evaporation and condensation processes exactly balance and there is no net change in the volume of either phase.
Answer:
water evaporates
Explanation:
when boiling point of water is reached it evaporate.