What happens if water does not sink in to the
ground? (2M)
Answers
Answer:
if water does not sink into the ground then there would be any source like underground water .
Explanation:
and no any place to live on earth
Answer:
What is the buoyant force?
Imagine you’re hanging out with your friends on a Friday night, when your good friend Jacques texts you and asks you to join him on a trip to the bottom of the ocean. Jacques has a brand new submarine that he’s been itching to try out, and he wants you to come with him to check out some hydrothermal vents at the bottom of the Marianas Trench that he’s been talking about for weeks.
You don your itchiest wetsuit and climb aboard his submarine, which has suspiciously thick iron walls given how tiny and cramped it is inside. Jacques reminds you that the super-thick walls are necessary in order to survive the descent to the bottom of the Trench, since the external pressure down there is nearly 1000 times what you’re used to at sea level. The stiff walls hold the pressure inside constant even while the pressure outside increases. The walls themselves actually get compressed due to the gradually-increasing difference in pressure across them. The reason that they don’t collapse onto you and Jacques is that they compress (like springs), which counter balances the force arising from the pressure difference. So as the submarine dives deeper, the internal pressure (thankfully) stays the same… but the walls actually get thinner!
Figure of submarine walls compressing during descent
Figure of submarine walls compressing during descent
Recall that, at sea-level, you experience a pressure of about 101 kPa due to the weight of the Earth’s entire atmosphere sitting on top of you. Because air is not very dense this pressure only barely varies with elevation. For example, at the top of the Empire State Building the pressure is roughly 95 kPa. It’s only at colossal distances that the change in pressure becomes noticeable. At the top of Mount Everest the pressure is closer to 33 kPa. The decrease in pressure occurs simply because as you go higher there is less air above you pushing down on you.
Under water is a different situation. Because water is very dense, pressure rapidly increases with depth in the ocean. For every ten meters deeper you dive, the pressure of the surrounding water increases by an amount that’s equal to the total ambient pressure that you feel when you’re at the surface (101 kPa). So if you dive down to 10 m, the total pressure your body feels is now 202 kPa. If you dive even deeper to 20 m, you’ll feel 303 kPa! It’s important to remember that this pressure arises purely due to the combined weight of all the water that’s sitting above you. If you were diving on a planet with less gravity than Earth, the pressure you feel at 10 meters would be less than 202 kPa.
Jacque’s submarine is filled with air, which is much less dense than water. As you’d expect, the sub would float on the water’s surface for the same reason that boats and bubbles float. The force that allows the submarine to stay afloat is known as the buoyant force. In order to successfully descend, the submarine has to use a propeller that pushes against the buoyant force and drives the sub deeper into the ocean.
A strange property of the buoyant force is that it stays the same regardless of how deep you go; it is independent of the surrounding pressure. This means that, if you were watching Jacques’ submarine dive at a constant speed, it would appear that the propeller always spins at the same speed and that the engines consistently draw the same amount of fuel. Because water is incompressible, its density, stickiness, and other properties stay pretty much the same as you go deeper… and so the buoyant force stays the same as well.
What determines the size of the buoyant force?
Back on land, you decide to write down some equations to describe Jacque’s submarine. You start by making a free-body diagram describing the forces that push and pull on the submarine as it sinks. The first one is obviously gravity, which exerts a force F\text{}_{g}