What happens when a nerve impulse reaches a synapse?
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1) Wave depolarisation reaches the presynaptic membrane.
2)Voltage-gated calcium channrl open, Ca2+ ions diffuses into the axon terminal from surrounding fluid.
3)Ca2+ stimulates fusion of synaptic vesicles with pre synsptic membrane,and release of neurotransmitter by exocytosis into synaptic cleft.
4) Neurotransmitter bind with specific receptor molecules of post synaptic membrane.
5) The binding opens sodium ion channels allowing the entry of Na+ ions which can generate a new potential in post synaptic neuron.
6) The new potential developed may be either excitatory or inhibitory depends upon neurotransmitter and post synaptic membrane
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