What happens when chlorobenzene is heated with concentrated h2so4?
Answers
Answer:
When benzene is heated with fuming sulphuric acid or concentrated sulphuric acid, it yields benzene sulphonic acid. In this reaction, chlorobenzene reacts with sulfuric acid and gives o and p chlorobenzenesulfonic acid. Further, the sulphonation of benzene is a reversible reaction.
Answer: When chlorobenzene is heated with concentrated sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄), the reaction leads to the formation of phenol and hydrogen chloride gas (HCl). This reaction is an example of a nucleophilic aromatic substitution reaction, known as the "Dow's process."
Explaination:
The reaction mechanism involves the protonation of the chlorobenzene by the H₂SO₄, forming the corresponding carbocation intermediate. The sulfuric acid also serves as a source of water, which reacts with the carbocation to form the protonated alcohol intermediate.
The overall reaction can be represented as follows:
C₆H₅Cl + H₂SO₄ → C₆H₅OH + HCl
Phenol is a useful chemical intermediate, with applications in the production of plastics, pharmaceuticals, and other chemicals.
To learn more about Dow's process, visit
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