Question

what happens with high polarising power of berriylium?


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Answer 1

Atoms and ions are considered polarizable if they readily undergo a large distortion with their electron clouds. An anion is said to be highly polarizable if it is large. In the large anion, the nucleus exerts a weak force on the electrons in the outermost shell. So, the electron cloud can become easily distorted.

Atoms and ions causing the large distortions are said to have high polarizing power. A small and highly charged cation is said to have high polarizing power. Because the radius is small, the nucleus has a stronger pull on the anion's electrons, thus causing the distortion.

As cations, become smaller and more highly charged, their polarizing power increases. So, the polarizing power increases from left to right across a period. For example, Beryllium2+ has a higher polarizing power than Lithium1+. However as we go down a group, the cations become larger, therefore decreases in polarizing power. For example, Magnesium2+ has a lower polarizing power than Beryllium2+.

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