Question

what impact does sexual reproduction have on neuter flowers

Answer 1

Answer:

Many plants combine sexual reproduction with vegetative propagation, but how trade‐offs between these reproductive modes affect fitness is poorly understood. Although such trade‐offs have been demonstrated at the level of individual shoots (ramets), there is little evidence that they scale up to affect genet fitness. For hermaphrodites, reproductive investment is further divided between female and male sexual functions. Female function should generally incur greater carbon costs than male function, which might involve greater nitrogen (N) costs.