What impacts does dolerite have on creating different slope profiles?
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Dolomite (CaMg(CO3)2) can be used to prepare precipitated CaCO3 by the separation of Ca and Mg components. One of the difficulties in the separation of Ca and Mg components in dolomite is the low solubility of both materials [92]. However, usage of sucrose solution to separate these components from dolomite has been proven to be an exceptionally successful method [93]. When calcined dolomite (CaO⋅MgO) is dissolved in a sucrose solution, CaO will be converted into soluble calcium sucrate [94], while MgO remains unreacted and presents in the precipitated form [93]. The purified MgO by-product provides an additional value to dolomite in many applications, whereas the calcium sucrate solution can be used to prepare precipitated CaCO3.
Calcite and dolomite represent a significant part of the sedimentary rocks. Calcite CaCO3 has a trigonal symmetry although it is usually described in hexagonal axes. 13〈022¯1〉{11¯04} is the preferred slip system in calcite in a wide temperature range (Wenk et al. 1983). Above 500 °C, calcite can also be deformed by 13〈112¯0〉(0001) glide and 13〈011¯0〉{11¯02} (De Bresser and Spiers 1997). At low temperature 13〈022¯1〉 dislocations glide not only on {11¯04}, but also on {11¯02} (although the latter slip system has a higher critical resolved shear stress (CRSS); De Bresser and Spiers 1997). Mechanical twinning is an important deformation mechanism in calcite. The most common deformation twinning law is on {011¯8}, for which the shear displacement is in the positive sense, in the direction 〈02¯21〉 (Barber and Wenk 1979). Minor deformation twinning on the {11¯04} and {11¯02} planes have also been reported.
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