What is a constitution? What are the main sources of the indian constitution?
Answers
In India, the Constituent Assembly was constituted in November 1946, under the scheme formulated by the Cabinet Mission Plan. The Constituent Assembly was to be a partly elected and partly nominated body. The members were to be indirectly elected by the members of the provincial assemblies, who themselves were elected on a limited franchise. It comprised of representatives of all sections of Indian society.
The main sources are:
Government of India Act, 1935:
Federal Scheme, Office of Governor, Judiciary, Public Service Commissions, Emergency provisions, Administrative functions.
British Constitution:
Parliamentary government, Rule of Law, Legislative procedure, Single citizenship, Cabinet System, Prerogative Writs, parliamentary privileges and bicameralism.
US Constitution:
Fundamental Rights, Independence of Judiciary, Judicial Review, Impeachment of the President, Removal of Supreme Court and High Court judges and post of Vice-President.
Irish Constitution:
Directive Principles of State Policy, nomination of members to Rajya Sabha and method of election of President.
Canadian Constitution:
Federation with a strong centre, residuary powers with the centre, appointment of state governors by the centre and advisory jurisdiction of the Supreme Court.
Australian Constitution:
Concurrent List, Freedom of trade, commerce and intercourse, joint sitting of the two Houses of Parliament.
Weimar Constitution:
Suspension of Fundamental Rights during Emergency.
Soviet Constitution:
Fundamental duties, the ideal of justice (social, economic and political) in the Preamble.
French Constitution:
Republic and the ideals of liberty equality and fraternity in the Preamble.
South African Constitution:
Procedure for amendment, the Constitution and election of the members of Rajya Sabha.
Japanese Constitution:
Procedure established by law.
The drafted Constitution was finally adopted on November 26, 1949
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Answer:
A Constitution is the supreme law of the country in written form accepted by the people living together in a country. It is the document containing the set of principles according to which a state or an organisation is supposed to be governed.
1) The constitution reflects the philosophy on which country's administration works and expresses aspirations of the people for creating a good society.
2) It serves as a rule book for the government.
3) It specifies the powers and limitations of the Government and clearly demarcates the areas of its functioning.
4) The constitution lays down the procedures and guidelines on how the government can be formed.
5) It states the rights and duties of citizens and directs the government to see that basic rights of the citizens are enforced.
6) It thus generates trust and coordination required for unity among the people.
7) The constitution also serves as a set of ideals that our society should live by.
The main sources of Indian constitution are US & South African articles & constitution.