What is a flower?
Describe the parts of a typical Angiospermic flower.
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Answers
AnsWer :
Flower: Flower is defined as a highly
modified and condensed shoot with limited
growth and specialized for sexual reproduction in higher plants.
Sometimes a flower grows in the axil of a leaf-like structure known as the bract.
A typical flower has the following three parts.
i. Pedicel
ii. Thalamus
iii. Floral whorls
1) Pedicel:
The stalk of the flower is called pedicel which projects the flower for pollination
A flower with pedicel is called pedicellate flower or a stalked flower and flower without pedicel is known as non-pedicellate flower or sessile flower.
It is generally an elongated, cylindrical and green structure.
In some flowers, a small leaf-like structure called bract may also be found on the pedicel.
A flower having a bract is known as bracteate flower (Clitoria, Hibiscus) and the one without a bract is called an ebracteate flower (Lily).
2) Thalamus:
The upper, swollen, condensed, knob-like part of the pedicel is called thalamus. It is also called receptacle or torus.
It is differentiated into nodes, in which the floral whorls are inserted and internodes, that are highly condensed
Thalamus consists of four compactly arranged nodes and three highly condensed internodes.
3) Floral whorls:
A circle of modified floral leaves is called a floral whorl.
A typical dicotyledonous flower has four floral whorls namely calyx, corolla, androecium and gynoecium.
They are arranged in concentric manner with calyx as outer and gynoecium being the innermost whorl.
A flower with all the four whorls is described as a complete flower and the flower having the absence of one or more floral whorls is called an incomplete flower.
Among these, calyx and corolla are called accessory whorls or helping whorls of the flower.
Answer:
The androecium typically consists of stamens, which are the male reproductive unit of a flower and is composed of two parts - anther and filament. The anther is the bilobed structure with a stalk called filament. Inside the anther, pollen grains are formed, which are transferred to another plant by pollination.
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