What is a food vacuole?
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food vacuole is an organelle where the food is kept for the purpose to derive nutrients
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Vacoules are fluid filled membrane bound clear spaces in the cytoplasm.
They are filled with water and a variety of substances like minerals, sugars , carbohydrates, organic acids , pigments and metabolic wastes in solution .
The membrane of the vacoule is called tonoplast and the liquid they contain is cell sap .
In mature plant cells , a large vacuole occupies most of the central part of cell .
This pushes the nucleus and other cell organelles to the periphery of the cell . These vacoules are called sap vacoules .
In animal cells , the vacoules are generally absent . But if they are present then , they are much smaller.
Food vacoules and contractile vacoules occur in unicellular animals such as Amoeba and paramecium .
Functions of vacoules :
• They keep the cells turgid and provide rigidity and support.
• They store food material and waste products .
• They help in maintaining the water balance and in extraction .
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