Question

What is a machine? What is the principle of machine?

Answer 1

Hey there!

What is a machine?
↪ A machine is a device which helps to overcome a large resistive force by applying a force in a convenient direction.

Different Terms Related To Machine -:

1) Load- It is a large resistive force to be overcome by a machine.

2) Effort- It is a force applied on the machine to overcome load.

3) Mechanical Advantage- It is the ratio of load to effort.

4) Velocity Ratio- It is the ratio of velocity of effort to the velocity of load.

5) Input work- It is the work done on the machine by the effort.

6) Output work- It is the work done by the machine on load.

7) Efficiency- It is the ratio of output work to the input work done in the machine.

What is the principle of machine?
↪It states that the output energy is always equal to the input energy for an Ideal Machine.

;-)

Answer 2

$\red{\underline{Definition}}$

A machine may be defined as a device or a contrivance(युक्ति) that receives energy in some available form and uses it for doing a particular work.

Two types of machines are riversible and irreversible machines.

$\red{\underline{Principle\: of \:machine}}$

When the effort is smaller than load it has to move a greater distance in order to achieve a work. The machine work on same principle we achieve a more work from less effort to gain more output

Less effort = More output

In an ideal machine have a 100% efficiency have no losses related to friction etc.

Means :
$\red{\boxed{ Output = Input}} [tex] [tex]\red{\underline{Examples \:of \:simplest \:machine\colon}}$

1) Lever

2) Wheel and axle

3) Pulley

4) Inclined plane

5) Wedge

6) Screw, etc

$\red{\underline{Concept}}$

Efficiency of Machine : Ratio between useful work done by the machine and the work expended on the machine.

$\eta = \frac{\text{useful work done by the machine} }{\text{work expended on the machine}}$

$\eta=\frac{\text{output of machine}}{\text{input of machine}}$

$\eta = \frac{Wx}{Py} = \frac{W}{P \frac{y}{x}}$

$\eta =\frac{Mechanical \:advantage}{Velocity \:ratio} = \frac{MA}{VR}$

$VR > MA$