what is a Tarikh-A-Alfi?
Answers
The Tarikh-i Alfi, “Thousand Year History”, is an historical work compiled by a committee appointed by Akbar in 990 H., 1582 CE. Its expressed purpose was to be a history of the first Muslim millennium. The committee was headed by Maulânâ Ahmad, and they proceeded with their work by drawing upon earlier Persian histories. Surviving manuscripts of the work are rare, and all are incomplete.
The excerpt included here describes Sultan Mahmud of Ghazni’s sack of Somnath, which is the last and best known raid undertaken by him. Sultan Mahmud began the raid December 1023 CE, and did not reach the fort until March 1024 CE. This resulted in the destruction of the celebrated temple complex, and the accruement of a vast amount of wealth by Sultan Mahmud. Mahmud succeeded his father to throne of Ghaznî, in what is now Afghanistan, in 997 CE, and ruled until his death in 1030 CE. His numerous incursions into India were largely raids designed to capture spoil in material wealth, slaves and livestock. He is portrayed as a zealous Muslim eager to destroy “idol temples”, but this was probably justification for pillage, since these activities contravened the earlier Arab policy of granting Hindus and Buddhists protected dhimmi status. These raids generally were not conquests resulting in annexation of territory, with the exception of the Punjab, most of which he did annex. Ghaznivid control even of the Punjab passed away with Mahmud. His incessant raiding over the course of almost thirty years, however, clearly destabilized Northern India and paved the way for the Muhammad Ghûrî’s invasion of northern India in 1175 CE, which led to the establishment of the Delhi sultanate.
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