Question

what is a tetravalency ?

Answer 1

A carbon atom completes its octet only by sharing its valence electrons with other atoms. As a result, carbon atom forms four covalent bonds by sharing valence electrons with other atoms. This is known as tetravalency of carbon,(tetra means four).

OR
In Simple language :

The capacity of an atom to form four stable bonds around it is called tetravalency

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Answer 2

Carbon has a valency of four, so it is capable of bonding with four other atoms of carbon or atoms of some other monovalent element. This is known as tetravalency of carbon.