Question

what is acid and base ??​

Answer 1

An acid is a substance that donates protons (in Brønsted-Lowry definition) or accepts a pair of valence electrons to form a bond (in the Lewis definition).

An acid is a substance that donates protons (in Brønsted-Lowry definition) or accepts a pair of valence electrons to form a bond (in the Lewis defdinition). A base is a substance that can accept protons or donate a pair of valence electrons to form a bond.

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Answer 2

ANSWER

What are Acids and Bases?

An acid is any hydrogen-containing substance that is capable of donating a proton (hydrogen ion) to another substance. A base is a molecule or ion able to accept a hydrogen ion from an acid.

Acidic substances are usually identified by their sour taste. An acid is basically a molecule which can donate an H+ ion and can remain energetically favourable after a loss of H+. Acids are known to turn blue litmus red.

Bases, on the other hand, are characterized by a bitter taste and a slippery texture. A base that can be dissolved in water is referred to as an alkali. When these substances chemically react with acids, they yield salts. Bases are known to turn red litmus blue.

Properties of Acids and Bases

1. Properties of Acids

1. Acids are corrosive in nature.
2. They are good conductors of electricity.
3. Their pH values are always less than 7.
4. When reacted with metals, these substances produce hydrogen gas.
5. Acids are sour-tasting substances.

Examples: Sulfuric acid [H2SO4], Hydrochloric acid [HCl], Acetic acid [CH3COOH].

2. Properties of Bases

Some properties, like a bitter taste, are owned by all bases. The bases feel slippery, too. Dream on what slippery soap looks like. And this is a foundation. Furthermore, when immersed in water, bases conduct electricity because they consist of charged particles in the solution.

1. They are found to have a soapy texture when touched.
2. These substances release hydroxide ions (OH– ions) when dissolved in water.
3. In their aqueous solutions, bases act as good conductors of electricity.
4. The pH values corresponding to bases are always greater than 7.
5. Bases are bitter-tasting substances which have the ability to turn red paper blue.

Examples: Sodium hydroxide [NaOH], milk of magnesia [Mg(OH)2], calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)2].

Neutral Substances

The neutral substance is a substance which has no acid or base properties, has the same amount of hydrogen and hydroxyl ions, and does not modify the colour of the litmus surface.

1. These substances do not display any acidic or basic characteristics.
2. Their pH values approximate to 7.
3. Neutral substances have no effect on red or blue litmus paper.
4. The pH of pure water is exactly 7.

Examples: Water, Common salt (NaCl)