what is acid and how many types of acid with example
Answers
Acids in solution have a pH below 7.0, a sour taste, releases hydroxyl ions in water, and turn litmus paper red. Acids are divided into two main classes: (1) Strong acids are very corrosive and cause severe skin burns, examples are hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, and sulfuric acid.
Answer:
Explanation:
Acid
Word acid is derived from Latin word acidus which means sour.we use acids and bases in our daily routine.We use orange and lemon and they both have sour taste due to the presence of citrus acid in them.
Types of acids
There are two types of acids Monoprotic acid and polyprotic acids.
Monoprotic Acid
The acid which can donate one proton is called monoprotic acid.
Examples:
HCl, HBr and HCN are monoprotic acids.
Polyprotic Acids
Those acids which can donate two or more than two protons in an aqueous solution is called polyprotic acid.
Examples:
H2SO4 etc
Amphoteric substance
That substance which can both like acid and like the base is called Amphoteric substance. When we treat amphoteric substance with an acid it starts behaving like base while if we treat an amphoteric substance with a base it behaves like an acid.
Examples:
Water is amphoteric because it can act as an acid and base. Water is the most common example, acting as a base when reacting with an acid such as hydrogen chloride:
H2O + HCl H3O+ + Cl�', and acting as an acid when reacting with a base such as ammonia:
H2O + NH3 NH4+ + OH�'
Strong acid and weak acid
Acid which ionizes completely in water and gives maximum number of H+ ion in aqueous the solution is known as strong acid.
Examples:
HCl, HNO3 are strong acids
Ionization of HCl is 92%
Ionization of HNO3 is 84%
HCl +H2O. = (H+) + (cl-)
It has been proved that in gaseous state HCl ionization is 100%. Weak acid is that substance which ionizes partially in an aqueous solution and gives lower a number of H+ ion in an aqueous solution.
Examples;
CH3COOH and H2CO3
CH3COOH ionization is 13%
H3PO4 ionization is 28%