What is active and passive immunisation
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Active and Passive Immunity. Naturally acquired active immunity occurs when the person is exposed to a live pathogen, develops the disease, and becomes immune as a result of the primary immune response. Artificially acquired active immunity can be induced by a vaccine, a substance that contains the antigen.
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Naturally
acquired active
immunity occurs
when the person is exposed to a
live pathogen, develops the
disease, and becomes immune as
a result of the primary immune
response. Artificially acquired
active immunity can be induced
by a vaccine, a substance that
contains the antigen. A vaccine
stimulates a primary response
against the antigen without
causing symptoms of the disease
(see vaccination).
Artificially acquired passive
immunity is a short-term
immunization by the injection of
antibodies, such as gamma
globulin, that are not produced
by the recipient's cells. Naturally
acquired passive immunity
occurs during pregnancy, in
which certain antibodies are
passed from the maternal into
the fetal bloodstream.
Immunologic tolerance for
foreign antigens can be induced
experimentally by creating
conditions of high-zone
tolerance, i.e., by injecting large
amounts of a foreign antigen
into the host organism, or low-
zone tolerance, i.e., injecting
small amounts of foreign antigen
over long periods of time.
acquired active
immunity occurs
when the person is exposed to a
live pathogen, develops the
disease, and becomes immune as
a result of the primary immune
response. Artificially acquired
active immunity can be induced
by a vaccine, a substance that
contains the antigen. A vaccine
stimulates a primary response
against the antigen without
causing symptoms of the disease
(see vaccination).
Artificially acquired passive
immunity is a short-term
immunization by the injection of
antibodies, such as gamma
globulin, that are not produced
by the recipient's cells. Naturally
acquired passive immunity
occurs during pregnancy, in
which certain antibodies are
passed from the maternal into
the fetal bloodstream.
Immunologic tolerance for
foreign antigens can be induced
experimentally by creating
conditions of high-zone
tolerance, i.e., by injecting large
amounts of a foreign antigen
into the host organism, or low-
zone tolerance, i.e., injecting
small amounts of foreign antigen
over long periods of time.
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